What is the role of the gate in hydraulic engineering

What is the role of the gate in hydraulic engineering

In water conservancy projects, the gate is one of the important components of the hydraulic structure. It can close the orifices of the building according to the needs, and can also open the orifices fully or partially to adjust the upstream and downstream water level and flow to obtain The benefits of flood control, irrigation, water supply, power generation, navigation, and rafting can also be used to remove floating objects, sand, ice, etc., or to provide necessary conditions for the maintenance of related buildings and equipment. Cast iron gates are usually set in the main throats of water intake and delivery buildings, and they can be opened and closed flexibly and reliably to exert their functions and benefits and maintain the safety of the building.

Cast iron gate usually consists of three parts: movable part (also called door leaf), buried part and hoisting machinery. The door leaf includes: load-bearing structure, walking support, support arm, support hinge, water stop device, lifting lug, etc. Buried parts include: track, hinge seat, water stop, corner protector, etc.

We usually set restraint cast iron gates on the water delivery pipelines of some water intake and water supply projects to adjust and control the flow according to the needs; the inlet and outlet of the pump station and some tunnels, culverts, inverted siphons, etc. are generally set up with maintenance Gates provide conditions for overhauling hydraulic structures and pumping equipment; flood discharge gates are generally set up on reservoir overflow dams or spillways to control the water level of the reservoir and the flow of floods discharged downstream to maximize the performance of the reservoir. Functional benefits. The gate is the control facility used to close and open the water discharge (discharge) channel. An important part of hydraulic structures can be used to intercept water flow, control water level, adjust flow, discharge sediment and float, etc. We classify water conservancy gates as follows:

1. According to the working nature of the gate, it can be divided into working gate, maintenance gate and accident gate. The working gate is also called the main gate, which can be opened and closed in moving water. The inspection gate is located in front of the working gate. It is used for short-term water retention during maintenance of buildings or working gates, etc., generally opened and closed in still water. The accident gate is mostly set in front of the deep hole working gate, and it can be closed in moving water and opened in static water when a building or equipment has an accident; when it is also used as an overhaul gate, it is also called an accident overhaul gate; it needs to be closed urgently within a limited time The accident gate is called the fast gate.

2. According to the relative position between the top of the gate and the water surface when the gate is closed, it is divided into an exposed gate and a down-the-hole gate.

3. According to the appearance and shape of the gate leaf, it is divided into flat gate, arc gate, herringbone gate, arch gate, spherical gate and cylindrical gate.

4. According to the material of the gate leaf, it is divided into steel gate, casting gate, wooden gate, reinforced concrete gate and composite material gate. The flap gate can be automatically opened and closed with the help of hydraulic power, which is called hydraulic automatic gate. When we select the gate type, we need to consider its location, size, design head, operating conditions, manufacturing capacity, and installation technology level in the hydraulic structure. It is required to achieve good water flow conditions, tight water stop, and start The closing force is small, the operation is simple and flexible, and the maintenance is convenient. Plane gates and arc gates are commonly used gate types.